Are Wars Necessary?
Author: Sabine LeitnerJuly 31, 2026
As if we did not already have enough wars, the year 2026 has brought an explosion of further conflicts: millions more people displaced; homes, hospitals and vital infrastructure reduced to rubble; an economic impact that will probably be felt for years; not even mentioning the death of innocent civilians, amongst them many children. Why are we humans doing this to each other? Has humanity learnt [...]
Beyond the Arrow of Time: Quantum Physics, Philosophy and the Courage to Align
Author: Laszlo BalizsJuly 22, 2026
Classical physics presents a world that feels reliably ordered: first comes the cause, then the effect. If you push something, it moves. Time flows forward like an arrow and reality unfolds step by step. This view shaped not only science but civilization itself. Law, responsibility, morality, planning and identity all follow the same pattern: past, present and future. We learn from the past, act [...]
The Moral Struggle
Author: Delia Steinberg GuzmánSeptember 8, 2023
The true philosopher should think of his struggle as a moral battle. The field of morality includes all those latent powers that are trying to emerge but are unable to do so, because they need our decisive and willing support. Morality is the sum of all our virtues, the combination of all our powers, active and latent; it is the armour and the weapons with which we enter the battle of life, from [...]
Kant and the Kingdom of Ends
Author: Nataliya PetlevychSeptember 14, 2018
In the second half of the 18th century Immanuel Kant formulated a new a golden standard for human relations: “Act in such a way as to treat humanity, whether in your own person or in that of anyone else, always as an end and never merely as a means.” This maxim has influenced numerous other philosophers and legislators, impacting on the constitutions of many countries and the Universal [...]
The importance of knowing what is good
Author: Sabine LeitnerOctober 19, 2017
If morality is the discernment of what is good and consequently the ability to choose between what is good and what is bad, then we have clearly lost our moral compass some time ago. It seems that we don’t really know anymore what is good for us. And this starts at the most basic level of food and life-style. Our children start losing their healthy instincts about what is good for them early [...]
Morality, Philosophy and Spirituality
Author: Pinar AkhanFebruary 7, 2017
This article is based on a class given by the Honorary President of International Organisation New Acropolis, Delia Steinberg Guzmán, in November 2015. In it she explained that there are three levels through which human consciousness develops, by which we can come to understand ourselves and others better. These three concepts are not unfamiliar to most of us, but there is a need to clarify [...]
Is Morality Relative?
Author: Julian ScottMay 17, 2016
This is one of those philosophical questions that will probably always exist. There are no doubt many possible answers, but perhaps the best place to start is with the philosophy of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). Kant’s position on this question was unequivocal. In a world of relativities, there is only one thing that can be considered good without qualification: the good will. Talent, [...]
Must we live in stress?
Author: Ilanit AdarAugust 19, 2015
Every period in life as in the life of a society as a whole, can be characterized through different aspects: social, economic, scientific, educational and others. Every period is different from the previous one and from the following one, because everything changes with time... If we consider the social-psychological perspective of the actual period, we can say that one of its characteristics [...]
Can the End Really Justify the Means?
Author: Yaron BarzilayApril 20, 2015
Often when we come across this phrase, it is meant to emphasise the importance of bottom line results, disregarding the means used to achieve them, as if the path of our actions isn’t important at all; only the outcome is. Sometimes it is used in order to justify an unethical act with regards to a right cause, or even a noble ideal. Practically, one may say that a small evil is acceptable, [...]
The Symbolism of the Lotus
Author: M.A. Carrillo de Albornoz & M.A. FernándezAugust 26, 2014
In the Orient, this flower has various symbolic aspects but its main characteristics stem from the fact that it blossoms on stagnant waters. This is why the lotus is seen as a symbol of purity; although blossoming on murky waters it remains immaculate. Rising out of the darkness to blossom in full sunlight, this flower is the symbol of spiritual fulfilment. It represents manifestation that [...]